Toll-like receptors (TLR) termasuk kelompok glikoprotein yang berfungsi sebagai reseptor permukaantransmembran dan terlibat dalam respons imun alami terhadap mikroorganisme patogen. Sistem imunitas alami mengenali patogen melalui pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Molekul yang dikenali berupa molekul bakteri positif-Gram dan negatif-Gram DNA dan RNA virus, jamur, dan protozoa. Masingmasing molekul ini memiliki target spesifik. Saat ini telah diketahui 11 macam TLR, yang dibagi menjadi dua tipe yaitu; surface-expressed TLRs, yang aktif melawan komponen dinding sel bakteri; dan reseptor intraselular, yang mengenali pola molekul virus. Semua TLR memiliki kemiripan struktur dan fungsi namun respons yang berbeda terhadap komponen mikroorganisme. Infeksi bakteri pada kulit merupakan salah satukondisi yang patogenesisnya berhubungan dengan fungsi TLR. TLR yang berperan dalam imunitas terhadap bakteri adalah TLR 1,2, 4, 5, dan 6 yang dapat mengenali komponen dinding sel bakteri, sehingga disebut juga sebagai TLR ekstraseluler. Penyakit infeksi bakteri pada kulit yang telah diketahui patogenesisnya berhubungan dengan TLR antara lain: lepra, pioderma, dan sifilis. (MDVI 2011: 39/1; 42-8)



Kata kunci: Toll-like receptors (TLR), infeksi bakteri pada kulit

     Toll-like receptors (TLR) included in the group of glycoproteins that function as transmembrane surface receptors involved in innate immune response against pathogenic microorganisms. Natural immune system recognizes pathogens via pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Molecules that recognize molecules of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative, DNA and RNA viruses, fungi and protozoa. Each molecule has a target specificity. One of the main pattern recognition receptor molecules of innate immunity system is a Toll-like receptors (TLRs). There are 11 different TLRs, which is divided into two types, namely: surface-expressed TLRs, which is active against bacterial cell wall components, and intracellular receptors, which recognize molecular patterns of viruses. All TLR has a similarity of structure and function and have different responses to the components of microorganisms. Bacterial infections of the skin is one of the conditions in the pathogenesis associated with TLR function. TLR that played a role in immunity against bacteria are TLR 1,2, 4, 5, and 6 which can recognize bacterial cell wall components, so it is also known as extracellular TLR. Bacterial infections of the skin disease known pathogenesis associated with TLR include: leprosy, pyoderma, and syphilis. (MDVI 2011: 39/1; 42-8)



Key words: Toll-like receptors (TLR), bacterial infections of the skin