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Neonatus adalah bayi baru lahir sampai usia empat minggu. Anatomi dan struktur kulit neonatus sama seperti orang dewasa. Secara umum fungsi kulit neonatus juga serupa dengan fungsi kulit orang dewasa. Akan tetapi ada beberapa perbedaan. Kulit bayi lebih tipis, memiliki sedikit bulu, mempunyai ikatan interselular lebih lemah dan menghasilkan lebih sedikit sekresi kelenjar sebasea serta keringat.

Pada neonates dijumpai beberapa kelainan kulit yang disebut kelainan fisiologis dan kelainan transien. Istilah kelainan fisologis digunakan untuk menggambarkan suatu kelainan yang bukan patologis, tidak berbahaya dan tidak memerlukan pengobatan. Kelainan transien dipakai untuk suatu kondisi kulit yang mempunyai kecenderungan untuk sembuh dalam 30 hari dan hampir selalu ditemukan pada neonatus.. Gambaran kulit neonatus bergantung pada maturasi (prematur, matur, postmatur), keadaan nutrisi, ras, dan jumlah verniks kaseokanya. Adanya kelainan kulit fisiologis dan transient ini harus diwaspadai oleh dokter umum, dokter kebidanan dan dokter kulit agar bisa membedakannya dengan kelainan patologis yang memerlukan pengobatan lebih lanjut.

Kata kunci: Kelainan fisiologis – transien - neonatus

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Neonates is a newborn infant with age of first four-weeks after birth. Anatomy and structure of neonatal skin is similar to the adult.  Neonatal skin functions is similar also with adult. Although thera are a few differences. Neonatal skin have thinner skin, less hair, weak intercellular binding and produce less sebaceous and eccrine secretion.

In neonates, there are a few physiologic and transient skin disorder. Physiologic disorder is used to describe a non-pathologic, and undangerous abnormality, which does not require any treatment. In addition, a term of transient disorder is applied to describe a neonatal skin condition which tends to relieved in 30 days. Neonatal skin features depend on maturation level (i.e. premature, mature, post-mature), nutrition, race and number of vernix caseosa. Physiologic and transient skin disorder must be aware by general practicional, obtsteric and dermatologists, which must be differ to pathological skin diseases.

Keywords : Physiologic disorder-transient-neonate