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Sifilis dan infeksi menular seksual lain yang menyebabkan lesi genital atau respons inflamasi merupakan faktor risiko penting dalam transmisi human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Sifilis dan infeksi HIV merupakan penyakit yang dapat ditularkan melalui hubungan seksual. Di beberapa negara berkembang, sifilis masih dianggap sebagai penyebab penting kematian. Sifilis terbukti meningkatkan penyebaran infeksi HIV melalui transmisi seksual. Koinfeksi sifilis dan infeksi HIV dapat mengubah manifestasi klinis, progresivitas penyakit lebih cepat, penegakan diagnosis lebih sulit, peningkatan risiko komplikasi neurologis, dan risiko kegagalan terapi lebih besar dengan regimen standar. Pasien sifilis dengan infeksi HIV lebih sering datang pada stadium penyakit lebih lanjut dan gejala klinis tidak khas. Hasil pemeriksaan serologis dapat mengalami perubahan antara lain peningkatan hasil negatif palsu dari tes antibodi nontreponemal karena fenomena prozon dibandingkan dengan pasien tanpa infeksi HIV. Hal tersebut sering menjadi kendala dalam keberhasilan pengobatan. Sehingga diperlukan pemeriksaan serologis yang teliti dan kompetensi dokter dalam mendiagnosis agar dapat dilakukan tatalaksana yang tepat bagi pasien.

Kata kunci: sifilis, HIV

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Syphilis and others sexual infections which cause genital ulcers or inflammation respons are important factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Syphilis and HIV infection are both transmitted sexually. In some developing countries, syphilis is still considered as an important cause of mortality. It increases sexual transmitted of HIV. Syphilis and HIV co-infection can alter clinical features, rapid progression of the disease, more difficulties in diagnosis, increase neurological involvement, and higher the risk of treatment failure to the standard regimen. In syphilis patients with HIV co-infection usually come with late stage of the disease and without specific clinical manifestations. There is increasing false negative results in serologic tests of nontreponemal antibody in patients with HIV co-infection because of prozone phenomena. These problems become obstacles in successful of treatment syphilis with standard regimen. Accurate serologic tests and  the doctor’s competence to diagnose are very important due to proper treatment for the patients.

Key words: syphilis, HIV